The first book of maccabees is an excellent and reliable historical source on the period of the maccabean revolt and its aftermath, 1754 b. The first book of maccabees in order that he might reign over. Sheffield academic press, 1998, with bibliographies of other studies. The original work appears to have ended with 5 maccabees 19. And all israel mourned for him with great lamentation. Page 1 apocrypha 2 nd maccabees of the king james bible 1611. The first book of maccabees in order that he might reign.
Protestants, jews, and some others regard it as generally reliable historically, but not a part of scripture. Apocrypha 1st maccabees of the king james bible 1611. Maccabees international standard bible encyclopedia. Pdf the metatexts of 1 and 2 maccabees researchgate. As a surname it was also applied to his brothers and, by. In 2 macc 35 we have details concerning the maccabean revolt not found in 1 maccabees, and in treatment of episodes or incidents with which 1 maccabees deals it is often fuller and more specific, as in 2 macc 10. History tells us that these three were seleucus taking command of syriamesopotamia, ptolemy taking egypt, and antigonus taking macedonia. Alexander the great after alexander son of philip, the macedonian, who came from the land of kittim, had defeated king darius of the persians and the medes, he succeeded him as king. Pdf the two books of maccabees contain important and actual moral teachings.
Apocrypha 2ndmaccabees of the king james bible 1611. Both 1 and 2 maccabees offer an important history that forms the background of the jewish hannukah holiday that celebrates the cleansing and restoration of the temple. Two things characterize the greek civilization of the syrians. Jonathan, another of mattathias sons, became new high priest after the rededication of the temple and also became commander of the army. The original hebrew is lost and the most important surviving version is the greek translation contained in the septuagint. Although maccabee meaning hammer was originally the nickname of the hero judah, the use of the title maccabean. When mattathias saw it he burned with zeal and his heart was stirred. He gave vent to his righteous anger and he ran and killed him on the altar.
So it is right for me to advise you to pay earnest attention to philosophy. No mention is made in 1 maccabees of the second expedition to egypt a year later, described in 2 mc 5. Stephen westerholm 4 makkabees to the reader 234mcnets4. The term mostly refers to two deuterocanonical books contained in various canons of the bible. It is a chapter based on persecution by antiochus, the tyrant of syr ia, whom some called epiphanes, the madman. Administrative assistant to the secretary of the army 22, page. The book traces the struggle of the judean jews against the cruel oppression of the seleucid rulers who had taken control of judea away from the ptolemaic egyptian kings shortly after 200 b. Pdf the physical placement of maccabees within translations provides. The title of 1 and 2 maccabees is taken from the surname of judas 1 mace. Maccabees, books of, 12 international standard bible. Fourth maccabees also differs from 1 and 2 maccabees in that it doesnt focus. The first book of the maccabees chapters 1 4 chapter 1 1.
The command to forbid burnt offerings, marry greek women, build altars to idols, sacrifice swine, and leave their boys uncircumcised d. A divine command theory of ethics is sometimes rejected on the grounds. He advanced to the ends of the earth, and plundered many nations. Mattathias, a priest of the first 24 courses and therefore of the noblest who dwelt at modin, a city of judah, was the first to strike a blow. You are a leader, an honorable and great man in this city, supported by sons and kindred. The presence of the desolating sacrfice, the tearing up of the books of the law, and the killing of circumcised boys and their mothers. The early church father clement of alexandria second century a. The rest of the book 5 maccabees 20 through 59 follows josephus closely and deals with events from the history of hyrcanus, the son of simeon, up to the deaths of herods sons. Uniform and insignia wear and appearance of army uniforms. Its name in the septuagint and in the writings of the church fathers eusebius and clement is. To the brethren the jews that are i throughout egypt, the brethren, the jews that are in jerusalem, and in the land of judea, send health, and good peace. He seems also to have made use of the works of josephus, but shows no. The first book of maccabees i maccabees is historical work extant in greek, covering the period of 40 years from the accession of antiochus epiphanes 175 b.
Pdf moral teaching of 1 and 2 maccabees researchgate. Beginning in chapter three, judas, who is called maccabeus, takes command of. All the gentiles conformed to the command of the king, 43and many israelites. He fought many battles, conquered strongholds, and put to death the kings of the earth. May god be gracious to you, and remember his covenant that he made with abraham, and isaac, and jacob, his faithful servants. The death of alexander the great or male goat as daniel put it 1 maccabees 1.
The title of 3 maccabees is curious because the book has nothing to do with the maccabees who are never mentioned in it. The book is held as canonical scripture by the catholic, orthodox. Thus he burned with zeal for the law, just as phinehas did against zimri son of salu. John and eleazar literature the name maccabeus was first applied to judas, one of the sons of mattathias generally called in english the maccabees, a celebrated family who defended jewish rights and customs in the 2nd century bc 1 macc 2. Then judas his son, who was called maccabeus, took command in his place. Librivox recording of the first book of maccabees, from the douayrheims version. The first book of the maccabees chapters 14 chapter 1 1.
At the close of the sixteenth chapter, the remark is found. The rise of the rule and reign of antiochus iv epiphanes or the little horn as daniels says 1 maccabees 1. The principal feature that it shares with 12 maccabees is that it is a story about a situation in which the jewish people, this time in egypt, were in danger of being annihilated by a hellenistic monarch, in part for their. Iv maccabees, chapter 1 1 the subject that i am about to discuss is most philosophical, that is, whether devout reason is sovereign over the emotions. The name maccabee, probably meaning hammer, is actually applied in the books of maccabees to only one man, judas, third son of the. With his own hand he slew a jew at modin who was willing to offer the idolatrous sacrifices ordered by the king, and also apelles, the leader of the kings. A divine command theory of ethics is sometimes rejected on the grounds that such a theory is incompatible with human moral autonomy. First book of maccabees, pt 1 of 3, new american bible.
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